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EDIS Update

New and revised publications from the University of Florida Insitute of Food and Agricultural Sciences

    Cornsilk Fly (suggested common name), Euxesta stigmatias Loew (Insecta: Diptera: Otitidae) (EENY224/IN381)

    May 20th, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops, Ecosystems & Species

    Chaetopsis massyla on corn leaf.‘Cornsilk flies’ are attractive, medium to dark metallic green to black colored flies with distinctive wing patterns and wing flapping behavior. They are commonly found throughout Florida’s agricultural communities. Their normally saprophytic life style belies their destructive nature when it comes to their preference for sweet corn ears. Four species of ‘cornsilk flies’ are known to attack corn in Florida: Chaetopsis massyla (Walker), Euxesta annonae (Fabricius), Euxesta eluta Loew, and Euxesta stigmatias Loew. This 8-page fact sheet was written by Gregg S. Nuessly and John L. Capinera, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, April 2013. #UFBugs
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in381

    Florida Crop/Pest Management Profile: Cabbage (CIR1256/PI042)

    May 6th, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops

    cabbage fieldFlorida’s cabbage production is exclusively for the fresh market. The higher-quality cabbage obtained during the late fall, winter, and early spring months in Florida allows the shipment of fresh cabbage to areas of the United States that cannot produce cabbage during that part of the year. This 18-page fact sheet summarizes production practices and pest management for cabbage production in Florida. Written by Wael M. Elwakil and Mark Mossler, and published by the UF Department of Agronomy, April 2013.
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pi042

    Managing Diamide Resistance in Florida Tomato (ENY867/IN978)

    May 3rd, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops

    tomatoes, Balm, center, fruit, vegetables, flower, Ag Expo 2006. UF/IFAS Photo: Sally Lanigan.As with any insecticide, repeated use of diamide insecticides on successive generations of the same pest may lead to the development of insecticide resistance. In order to avoid the development of resistance to diamides by targeted pests of tomato, group 28 insecticides, including diamides, must be rotated with insecticides possessing different modes of action. This 3-page fact sheet was written by Hugh A. Smith, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, February 2013.
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in978

    Subsurface Drip Irrigation (SDI) for Enhanced Water Distribution: SDI – Seepage Hybrid System (HS1217)

    April 29th, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops

    Figure 7. Installation of subsurface drip tape at a depth of 24 in. below the soil surface in a potato field, Hastings, Florida. Upper figures: subsurface drip tape positioning after the installation. Lower left: detail of the manifold (PVC). Lower right: chisel plow adapted for subsurface drip installation. In terms of water use efficiency, the traditional seepage irrigation systems commonly used in areas with high water tables are one of the most inefficient methods of irrigation, though some irrigation management practices can contribute to better soil moisture uniformity. Subsurface drip irrigation systems apply water below the soil surface by microirrigation, improving the water distribution and time required to raise the water table for seepage irrigation. This 6-page fact sheet was written by Lincoln Zotarelli, Libby Rens, Charles Barrett, Daniel J. Cantliffe, Michael D. Dukes, Mark Clark, and Steven Lands, and published by the UF Department of Horticultural Sciences, March 2013.
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1217

    Reducing Fumigant Application Rates and Soil Emissions with Plastic Mulch Technology (ENY046/IN403)

    April 9th, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops, Pesticide Information

    virtually impermeable filmWith the new fumigant regulations and rising cost of crop production, including fumigants, it would be desirable to reduce the standard use rate of soil fumigants. The use of higher-barrier, gas-impermeable mulches may make it possible to reduce fumigant application rates by helping to contain the fumigant longer within the soil and reduce overall emissions into the atmosphere. The results of field studies show that fumigant application rates can be reduced by 20 to as much as 40% through the use of virtually impermeable or the more gas-tight TIF mulch films at the time of application. This 5-page fact sheet was written by J. W. Noling, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, March 2013.
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in403

    Allelopathy: How Plants Suppress Other Plants (HS944/HS186)

    April 8th, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops

    Photograph of ground beneath a forest of Casuarina equisetifolia (ironwood) trees showing allelopathy. Photographed at Moloa‘a, Kaua‘i, Hawai‘i.Allelopathy refers to the beneficial or harmful effects of one plant on another plant, both crop and weed species, from the release of biochemicals, known as allelochemicals, from plant parts by leaching, root exudation, volatilization, residue decomposition, and other processes in both natural and agricultural systems. This 5-page fact sheet introduces the concept of allelopathy and mentions potential applications as an alternative weed management strategy. Written by James J. Ferguson, Bala Rathinasabapathi, and Carlene A. Chase, and published by the UF Department of Horticultural Sciences, March 2013.
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs186

    Nematode Management in Potatoes (Irish or White) (ENY029/NG029)

    April 8th, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops

    Figure 1. Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) induced galls on potato giving a warty tuber surface appearance.Nematode species and population levels, incidence of soil-borne diseases and insects, soil moisture at field preparation time, and the intended market for the potatoes can all affect the choice of nematode control measures. Growers should use a combination of as many different kinds of control measures as feasible, since none provides perfect protection for the crop. This 7-page fact sheet was written by J.W. Noling, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, December 2012.
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ng029

    Thousand Cankers Disease: A Threat to Black Walnut in Florida (FOR308/FR376)

    April 8th, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops, Forest Resources

    Figure 4. Lesion caused by the pathogenic fungus, Geosmithia morbida. The dark area is necrotic tissue (dead wood). At the center of the lesion is a hole where the walnut twig borer entered. Thousand cankers disease of walnut is a tree disease of the edible nut-producing and ornamental tree, black walnut. The first diseased trees were observed in New Mexico in the 1990s. The disease has since spread to most of the western states. Until 2009, diseased black walnut trees were only found outside of the natural range of black walnut, which occurs from the mid-Atlantic states to just west of the Mississippi River. In 2009, it was found near Knoxville, Tennessee; it has since spread to Pennsylvania and Virginia. It is possible that within the next decade this disease could naturally spread to Florida. However, if people continue to move TCD infested walnut logs from place to place, this disease could arrive in Florida tomorrow. This 3-page fact sheet was written by Don Spence and Jason A. Smith, and published by the UF Department of School of Forest Resources and Conservation, February 2013.
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fr376

    Costos Estimados en el 2010 para Establecer y Producir Pitaya (Fruta Dragón) en el Sur de Florida (FE921)

    April 1st, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops, Spanish Language

    pitayaComo consecuencia de la creciente competencia extranjera y la disminución de rendimientos de los productos agrícolas tradicionales, muchos productores en el Sur de la Florida se han embarcado en una búsqueda agresiva de productos agrícolas que sean alternativas viables. Un producto que ha llamado la atención es la pitaya, una especie de cactus trepador autóctona de las regiones de bosques tropicales de México, Centroamérica y América del Sur. De menos de 50 hectáreas plantadas en la Florida en fecha tan reciente como 2006, la producción se ha multiplicado por seis y ahora se estima en alrededor de 320 acres. This 6-page fact sheet was written by Edward A. Evans, Jordan Huntley, Jonathan Crane, and Allen F. Wysocki, and published by the UF Department of Food and Resource Economics, March 2013.
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fe921

    Trastornos fisiologicos de la papa: Centro marron y Corazon hueco (HS1214)

    March 26th, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops, Spanish Language

    Figure 1. Corazón hueco en ‘Atlantic’El centro marrón y el corazón hueco son trastornos fisiológicos internos no-infecciosos del tubérculo de la papa. Un centro marrón (también llamado corazón incipiente y hueco, corazón marrón o centro de azúcar) se caracteriza por una región muerta en las células de la médula de los tubérculos lo que resulta en un tejido de color marrón. This 3-page fact sheet was written by L. Zotarelli, C. Hutchinson, S. Byrd, D. Gergela, y D. L. Rowland, and published by the UF Department of Horticultural Sciences, January 2013.
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1214

    Manejo de malezas en las papas (HS1213)

    March 26th, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops, Spanish Language

    screenshot of fact sheetLas malezas causan problemas en la producción de patata en Florida y puede reducir rendimientos a través de competencia directa por la luz, la humedad y los nutrientes, o por albergar insectos y enfermedades que atacan las patatas. This 4-page fact sheet was written by Peter Dittmar, Seth Byrd, Lincoln Zotarelli, Diane Rowland, and William Stall, and published by the UF Department of Horticultural Sciences, January 2013.
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1213

    Insecticides Currently Used on Vegetables (ENY419/IG018)

    March 12th, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops

    Spring and Fall Vegetables. 2008 IFAS Extension Calendar. UF/IFAS Photo: Josh WickhamThis 12-page fact sheet lists many of the common insecticides currently labeled for use on vegetables in Florida. A number of new materials have been registered in the past few years or have had additional crops added to their labels. Some older organophosphate insecticides are now restricted to just a few crops, a result of recent rulings related to the Food Quality Protection Act. Changes continue, thus this listing may not be totally accurate at the time of printing. Written by S. E. Webb and P. A. Stansly, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, August 2012.
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ig018

    Estimacion de costos de establecimiento y produccion de papaya en el sur de la Florida en 2012 (FE920)

    March 11th, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops, Spanish Language

    Fruiting Papaya trees at the Tropical Research and Education Center in Homestead, FL. UF/IFAS Photo: Thomas WrightEl alza reciente en los precios de la papaya, consecuencia de las restricciones fitosanitarias impuestas a la fruta proveniente de México, ha despertado el interés de productores en el Sur de la Florida, quienes han percibido la oportunidad de suplir la demanda por papaya madura en los Estados Unidos. No obstante, hay mucha incertidumbre con respecto a la viabilidad económica del negocio. El objetivo de este documento es proveer información acerca del retorno económico y los costos de producción de un cultivo de 5 acres de papaya en el Sur de la Florida. Igualmente, se evaluaron precios y rendimientos que permitirían que el negocio fuese rentable en el Sur de Florida. This 7-page fact sheet was written by Edward A. Evans, Fredy H. Ballen, y Jonathan H. Crane, and published by the UF Department of Food and Resource Economics, February 2013.
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fe920

    Regulatory and Market Risk Factors and the Emissions Reduction Potential for Energy Intensive Firms (FE919)

    March 11th, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops, Nursery & Greenhouse

    Figure 1. Crude oil price movements (USD per barrel) since 2005In the last decade, one of the major global environmental concerns has been greenhouse gas emissions. As part of the political debate over climate change, various policy initiatives are being proposed. Energy intensive firms that emit large amounts of greenhouse gases (e.g., floriculture or nursery firms with heated greenhouses) will be operating in an environment of high regulatory and market uncertainties in the coming years. This 3-page fact sheet presents a brief introduction of the regulatory and market risks faced by energy intensive firms and a case study of emissions reduction potential in the horticulture industry. Written by Zhengfei Guan, and published by the UF Department of Food and Resource Economics, March 2013.
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fe919

    A Postharvest Fruit Rot Caused by Alternaria sp. on Imported Plum Tomatoes in South Florida (PP303)

    February 27th, 2013
    Topic(s):Crops

    Figure 1. a) Diseased tomato fruits while in the shipping container (top left), b) individual fruit with early and late symptoms (top right), and c) symptoms starting as circular water-soaked areas through development into sunken black cups and cracks (bottom).Florida’s deep-water ports are ideal for importing many fruits and vegetables, including tomatoes, by ship from the Caribbean as well as Central and South American production areas. These imports are often strictly regulated for pests, but some pathogens still escape quarantine. This 3-page fact sheet describes a postharvest problem on plum tomatoes that were imported from Mexico through South Florida in 2010. Alternaria sp. was isolated from lesions on diseased fruits, pathogenicity tests were conducted on healthy fruits, and symptoms identical to the originally submitted samples were developed. Written by Zelalem Mersha, Shouan Zhang,and Jerry A. Bartz, and published by the UF Department of Plant Pathology, January 2013.
    http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pp303

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